The main objective of this book is to address the international integration through four chapters, each one highlighting the challenges and opportunities for developing countries, especially emerging ones, as they hold the largest growth potential and the greatest possibility of becoming modern, industrial economies with a higher standard of living (Kolodko, 2002).
Throughout each of the chapters, there are questions designed to test the comprehension of each topic. Moreover, at the end of each section, students will find questions and exercises to help them consolidate their learning process. The book ends with a set of conclusions emphasizing the recent growth of most developing economies that have changed free trade geopolitics and how the new world relations bear both challenges and opportunities for these types of economies.
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International Economic Integration. Challenges and Opportunities for Developing Markets. Monterrey: Editorial Digital Tecnológico de Monterrey, 2023. Epub. https://altexto.mx/international-economic-integration-challenges-and-opportunities-for-developing-markets-3zqrj.html.
International Economic Integration. Challenges and Opportunities for Developing Markets. Monterrey: Editorial Digital Tecnológico de Monterrey, 2023. Impreso. https://altexto.mx/international-economic-integration-challenges-and-opportunities-for-developing-markets-3zqrj.html.
International Economic Integration. Challenges and Opportunities for Developing Markets. Editorial Digital Tecnológico de Monterrey, 2023, https://altexto.mx/international-economic-integration-challenges-and-opportunities-for-developing-markets-3zqrj.html, Accedida 15 May 2024.
International Economic Integration. Challenges and Opportunities for Developing Markets. Monterrey: Editorial Digital Tecnológico de Monterrey, 2023 [En línea]. Disponible en: https://altexto.mx/international-economic-integration-challenges-and-opportunities-for-developing-markets-3zqrj.html
(2023). International Economic Integration. Challenges and Opportunities for Developing Markets. Editorial Digital Tecnológico de Monterrey. https://altexto.mx/international-economic-integration-challenges-and-opportunities-for-developing-markets-3zqrj.html
International Economic Integration. Challenges and Opportunities for Developing Markets. Monterrey: Editorial Digital Tecnológico de Monterrey, 2023. https://altexto.mx/international-economic-integration-challenges-and-opportunities-for-developing-markets-3zqrj.html
International Economic Integration. Challenges and Opportunities for Developing Markets. Monterrey: Editorial Digital Tecnológico de Monterrey; 2023 [Citado 2024May15]. Disponible en: https://altexto.mx/international-economic-integration-challenges-and-opportunities-for-developing-markets-3zqrj.html
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Destinatarios del contenido: Sin restricción
About this book
About the authors
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Chapter 1. An Overview of International Economic Integration
1.1 Pedagogical framework
1.1.1 Learning outcomes
1.1.2 Overview
1.1.3 Outline of key concepts
1.2 Historical background
1.3 Stages of Economic Integration
1.3.1 Border integration
1.3.2 Free trade areas
1.3.3 Customs union
1.3.4 Common Market
1.3.5 Economic union
1.3.6 Political union
1.4 Barriers to trade
1.4.1 Tariffs
1.4.2 Quotas
1.4.3 Subsidies
1.4.4 Non-tariff barriers
1.5 Pros and Cons of Economic Integration
1.5.1 Advantages of integration
1.5.2 Disadvantages of integration
1.6 International trade, integration, and development
1.7 End of chapter
1.7.1 Summary
1.7.2 Mind map
1.8 Questions and exercises
1.9 References
1.10 Appendix 1. Useful websites
Chapter 2. The World Trade Organization (WTO)
2.1. Pedagogical framework
2.1.1 Learning outcomes
2.1.2 Overview
2.1.3 Outline of key concepts
2.2 Historical background
2.3 Principles of the trading system
2.3.1 Trade without discrimination
2.3.2 Free Trade: gradually, through negotiation
2.3.3 Predictability
2.3.4 Promoting fair competition
2.3.5 Encouraging development and economic reform
2.4 Functions
2.4.1 Administering WTO trade agreements
2.4.2 Forum for trade negotiations
2.4.3 Handling trade disputes
2.4.4 Monitoring national trade policies
2.4.5 Technical assistance and training for developing countries
2.4.6 Cooperation with other international organizations
2.5 Main agreements
2.5.1 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
2.5.2 General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)
2.5.3 Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS)
2.6 New topics in international trade
2.7 Future of the WTO
2.8 End of the Chapter
2.8.1 Summary
2.8.2 Mind maps
2.8.3 Questions and exercises
2.9 References
Chapter 3. Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs)
3.1. Pedagogical framework
3.1.1 Learning outcomes
3.1.2 Overview
3.1.3 Outline of key concepts
3.2 Political Economy of Regional Integration
3.2.1 Dimensions of regionalization
3.2.2 Evolution of approaches to regional integration
3.3 Economic Effects of Regional Integration
3.3.1 Static effects of economic integration
3.3.2 Dynamic effects of economic integration
3.3.3 Effects of deep economic integration
3.4 Rules of Origin in Regional Trade Agreements
3.5 Evolution of Regional Trade Agreements
3.5.1 The case of Europe
3.5.2 Some examples of integration agreements from developing countries
3.6 The Debate between Multilateralism and Regionalism
3.6.1 Spaghetti bowl of complex rules of origin
3.6.2 Capacity and dynamics of countries’ business
3.6.3 Speed of elimination of restrictions and quantity of partners
3.6.4 Simultaneous negotiations
3.6.5 Size of partners, issue of bargaining power
3.6.6 Long stand negotiations
3.7 The Case Against Economic Integration
3.8 End of the chapter
3.8.1 Summary
3.8.2 Mind map
3.8.3 Questions and exercises
3.9 References
Chapter 4. Global Value Chains (GVC): background and development
4.1. Pedagogical framework
4.1.1 Learning outcomes
4.1.2 Overview
4.1.3 Outline of key concepts
4.2 The GVC concept
4.3 Background
4.4 Global Value Chain Classification
4.4.1 Market
4.4.2 Modular
4.4.3 Relational
4.4.4 Captive
4.4.5 Hierarchy
4.5 Implications of integration/upgrading into GVC
4.5.1 Conditions to enter global value chains
4.5.2 Transmission mechanisms from GVCs to local economies
4.5.3 Conditions to sustain/improve/upgrade global value chains
4.5.4 Integration and upgrading in action
4.6 Strategies to restructure global value chains under uncertainty
4.6.1 The case of the COVID-19 pandemic
4.6.2 Strategies to face the crisis
4.6.3 Globalization does not stop
4.7 End of the chapter
4.7.1 Summarizing
4.7.2 Mind map
4.7.3 Questions and exercises
4.8 References
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